油性污泥处理技术.doc

含油污泥处理技术及资源化利用途径? 匡少平1,2,3 宋 峰2 (1.清华大学环境工程博士后流动站，北京100084； 2.青岛科技大学化学与分子工程学院，山东 青岛266042； 3. 中原油田博士后工作站，河南 濮阳 457001） 摘要 石油开采和加工过程中产生的大量含油污泥，对生产和生态环境产生极大危害，同时又是一种宝贵的二次资源，对其既必须进行无害化处理又可以进行资源化利用。国内外主要的含油污泥处理技术有：调质－机械脱水、生物处理、固化处理、焚烧、填埋与干化和综合利用等。介绍了各技术的原理、特点和研究应用进展。目前较受重视的技术是调质－机械脱水、生物处理、固化处理和综合利用。调质－机械脱水可有效的分离油-水-泥，但产生的泥饼需进一步处理；生物处理可以将含油污泥中的有机物彻底降解为CO2和H2O，但降解效率有待提高；固化可以大大降低有害物质的渗出率；资源化利用将成为含油污泥处理技术的发展趋势。 关键词 含油污泥 调质－机械分离 生物处理 固化 资源化 Treatment and comprehensive utilization of oily sludge Kuang Shaoping1, 2, 3, Song Feng2. (1. Post-Doctor Station, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084；2. College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao Shandong 266042；3. Post-Doctor Work Station, Zhongyuan Oilfield Branch, Puyang Henan 457001) Abstract: Oily sludge produced in the course of exploitation and processing does great harms to the production and the environment. Oily sludge must be treated harmlessly and be utilized comprehensively. Oily sludge treating techniques include sludge quality adjustment and mechanical dewatering, biological treatment, solidification, combustion, natural drying and burial method, and comprehensive utilization, and so on. This paper expatiated on the principles, characteristics and applications of different methods. Quality adjustment and mechanical dewatering, biological treatment, solidification and comprehensive utilization are regarded as important treating techniques. Oily sludge can be divided into oil, water and mud through quality adjustment and mechanical dewatering, but the sludge cake must be treated finally; Microorganism can degrade the organic substance of oily sludge into CO2 and H2O, but efficiency of biodegradation need to be enhanced; Solidification can decrease the exudation of injurant. Comprehensive utilization will be the dominant technique for oily sludge treatment in the future. Keywords: Oily sludge Quality adjustment and mechanical dewatering Biological tre