Chapter 3 选词.pptx

Chapter 3 Diction;词义的选择;１）Like charges repel. Unlike charges attract. 相同的电荷相斥，不同的电荷相吸(形容词） ２） He likes mathematics more than physics. 他喜欢数学甚于喜欢物理学。（动词） ３）In the sunbeam passing through the window there are fine grains of dust shining like gold. 在射入窗内的阳光里，细微的尘埃象金子一般在闪闪发光。（介词） ４）Like knows like. 英雄识英雄／惺惺相惜 。（名词）;５). ＸＸ启事：　　　　　　　　　 招领启事　　　　　　　　 鸣谢启事　　　　　　　　 征稿启事　　　　　　　　 更正启事 ＸＸ表 病历表 履历表 时间表 日程表;a letter of introduction a letter of recommendation a love letter a suicide letter a “thank-you” letter a letter of condolence a “Dear John” letter a get-well letter;2. 根据上下文联系以及词在句子中的搭配关系来选择和确定词义 英语中同一个词，同一词类，在不同场合往往也有不同的含义，必须根据上下文的联系以及词的搭配关系或句型来判断和确定某个词在特定场合下所应具有的词义。 “Each word when used in a new context is a new word.” 　　　　　　　——J.R. Firth （English linguist）? 例如“Last”这一形容词： 1)He is the last man to come. 他是最后来的。(Being, coming, or placed after all others; final) 2)He is the last man to do it. 他绝对不会干那件事。 (Least likely or expected) 3)He is the last person for such a job. 他最不配干这个工作。(The least desirable or suitable) ;再如“take （off）这一动词： 1) To take off her boots or to put them on was an agony to her, but it had been an agony for years. 脱鞋或穿鞋对她是一种痛苦，但这已经是多年以来的痛苦了。 The flyers practiced taking off time after time from this restricted space. 飞行 人员反复地在一块有限空地上练习起飞。 ;We hope Mr. White will not forget himself, gone are the days when a representative of a large country in UN. may do whatever he likes. 我们希望怀特先生不要忘乎所以，在联合国里一个大国代表可以为所欲为的日子已经一去不复返了。 We hope that our most respected Secretary General will not forget himself, his poor health is known to everybody. 我们希望最可敬的秘书长先生不要过于操劳，要多多保重,他的健康状况欠佳是众所周知的。;Drill 3.3 (p.72);The surfaces of ceramics must be checked by examining it under a 20 power binocular microscope. 陶瓷表面必须用20倍的双筒显微镜加以检验。（倍） The transistor can go from an off condition to an on condition with great speed and minimal power. 晶体管能以极快的速度和极小的功率由关的状态转到开的状态。 ;contex