公差公差（Tolerance）.doc

公差公差（Tolerance） 1. what is interchangeability? What types of interchangeability can be divided into degrees? The machine in the assembly or replacement parts, from the unified specification for mass-produced parts, remove any one, do not need any additional adjustment or assembly,, will be able to make part or whole, and can achieve the predetermined design performance and application requirement, this technique called interchangeability characteristics. Interchangeability to its degree: complete interchangeability, incomplete interchangeability. 2 what kinds of matches are there? What are the characteristics of the relative positions of various combinations of bore and shaft tolerance zones? There are three kinds of fit: clearance fit. Transition fit and interference fit. The tolerance zone of the middle hole in the clearance fit is above the tolerance zone of the shaft; the tolerance zone of the interference fit hole is below the shaft tolerance band; the transition fit zone, the tolerance zone of the bore and the tolerance band of the axle overlap each other. 3, why should we stipulate the benchmark system? Why base hole system is preferred? The standard tolerance zones form the most combinations, and the national standards specify two combinations of reference system: base hole system and base shaft system. In general, the choice of base hole matching is to consider the small and medium-sized holes, often with fixed size tool processing, which can reduce the size of the tool. Varieties of measuring tools. Specifications。 Quantity, while large tools consider habit and convenience, and base hole system is adopted. 4 describe the meaning of measurement and the four elements of the measurement process. Measurement is the process of comparing the quantity of measured geometry and the standard quantity used as a unit of computation to obtain the ratio. The measurement process should include four elements: the object to be measured, the unit of measurement, the method