地球 宇宙和空间科学（Earth, space and Space Science）.docVIP

地球 宇宙和空间科学（Earth, space and Space Science） Chapter 1 the position of the earth in the universe The first four seasons starry sky Direction determination on the 1. star map Directions on the star chart: upper, lower, South, left, East, right, west. Because the star is that the relative position of the stars in the sky map, observation, facing north, looking up into the sky, the actual range is before the north south, East left the West right. 2. famous constellations and stars (1) famous constellations and major stars (2) look for the North Star under the Big Dipper The Big Dipper (Ursa Major Part) is spoon shaped, the end of the two star connection and extending toward the opening direction is about 5 times the distance of a star, as the North star. (3) according to dipper dipper handle to determine the four seasons The dipper handles toward the East, South, West and north respectively, showing the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter. 3. the relationship between the solar calendar and the rotation of the earth (1) the rotation of the earth produces four seasons, with a period of 365.2422 days. (2) the basis of solar calendar day and month time; The number of solar calendar days is based on the cycle of seasons and the speed at which the earth revolves around the sun. The seasonal cycle is 365.2422 days, the size of the month, month for 31 days, I was 30 days; February year for 28 days, 29 days in a leap year. (3) the arrangement of solar calendar leap year The fractional portion of the cycle of alternate seasons (O.2422 days) equal to garlic. Therefore, in the Gregorian calendar every 400 years in 97 366 years (leap year) the rest of the 303 years, 365 days (year). In A.D., divisible by 4 is a leap year, and century must be divisible by 400. It is a leap year. 4. with the lunar moon (1) the meaning of the moon Various lunar moon form called moon. (2) the causes of phase change The moon is an opaque, non luminous sphere. The relative positions of the su