电生理技术（Electrophysiological techniques）.docVIP

电生理技术（Electrophysiological techniques） Electrophysiological techniques In various forms of energy (electricity, sound, etc.) to stimulate organisms, phenomena measurement, recording and analysis of the organism (bio electric) electrical characteristics and biological technology, is the main technology of physiological research. Developments in 1849, E.H., Dubois - Raymond published the study of animal electricity, and his development of stimulus Technology (induction coil) and recording technology is the precursor of electrophysiological techniques. The invention of the electronic tube can be enlarged to facilitate the observation of bioelectric activities, weak leading out from different organizations, in 1922 J. began to use the Erlanger cathode-ray oscilloscope to record the bioelectricity, marked the beginning of modern electrophysiological techniques. Early electrophysiological techniques can only record the synchronous electrical activities of a large number of cells, and then gradually develop into two aspects, micro and whole. In the micro aspect, in 1949, G., Ling Ning and so on began to insert the microelectrode into the cell to record their electrical activity, and made the electrophysiological technology reach the cell level. In 1976, E. and Nell stripped the tiny cell membrane of the tip of the microelectrode to record the current of the individual ion channel on the cell membrane, close to the molecular level. On the whole, since 1960s, people have been able to record very small electrical activity in small cells from the body of humans or animals because of the use of computers. This kind of measurement has no harm to human body, and has important significance for clinical diagnosis. Electro physiological measurement techniques include bioelectric measurement and measurement of biological electrical properties. The bioelectricity measuring technique uses the electrode to draw out the weak bioelectricity, amplifies it through the bioelectricity amplifi