第八章 细胞增殖分化异常与疾病（The eighth chapter of abnormal cell proliferation and differentiation and disease）.docVIP

第八章 细胞增殖分化异常与疾病（The eighth chapter of abnormal cell proliferation and differentiation and disease） The eighth chapter: cell proliferation, differentiation, abnormalities and diseases [reference answer] I. radio questions 1.C, 2.B, 3.D, 4.B, 5.D, 6.C, 7.D, 8.D,, B 10.A, 11.A, 12.D, 13.D, 14., A, 15., A Two. Questions and answers 1. cell cycle: a one-way: cell only along the G1 - S - G2 - M direction and not retrograde; II of each period: cell morphology and metabolism of cells have obvious difference, for some reason in some phase to stop, to be suitable for cell growth conditions, and be active again to the next period; the existing checkpoint control in each phase of intersection exists check point decided the next step towards the proliferation and differentiation of cells; the cells affected by micro environmental impact: whether the smooth progress of cell cycle and extracellular signal, the condition is closely related. The operation of the 2. cell cycle is driven by the binding and depolymerization of Cyclin and CDK. In the cell cycle, Cyclin complex formation, activation of CDK and CDK, through the CDK ordered phosphorylation and dephosphorylation regulation, promote cell cycle progression; when the CDI in the complex formation of Cyclin/CDK/CDI or Cyclin decreased, CDK activity was inhibited, cell cycle progression is terminated, the open and off control like, in an orderly way according to the actual needs of the cell cycle and operation environment and consistent development. Finally, CDK is controlled by genes such as Rb and P53, Myc, so that it can coordinate with cell differentiation and cell death, and complete cell proliferation. 3. the mechanism of abnormal regulation of tumor cell cycle is: (1) abnormalities of cyclins: overexpression of cyclin (mainly cyclinD, E). Cyclin D is a growth factor receptor. Cyclin Dl (Bcl-1) is a proto oncogene product. Overexpression of cyclin and Dl results from gene amplification, chromosomal inversion, and chromosoma