中考英语-常考易错点-专题十四-简单句.docVIP

简单句 易错清单 一、 陈述句的否定结构 1. 含有have的否定句 (1) have当“拥有,所有”讲时,其否定形式有两种。如: I have an e-dictionary. 我有一个电子词典。 可改为:I dont have an e-dictionary. (√) I have not an e-dictionary. (√) (2) have作“吃、喝、玩、度过”讲时,其否定形式借助于助动词do。如: I had milk for breakfast this morning. (变否定句) →I didnt have milk for breakfast this morning. (3) have为助动词时,其否定形式为havent。如: I have visited Diaoyu Island. (变否定句) →I havent visited Diaoyu Island. 2. 注意以下几种情况: (1)含有all, both, each, every, both...and...等的肯定句加not变为否定句后,只表示部分否定;若表示全部否定,则需分别用no, no one, nobody, none, neither, neither...nor...等词替换上述词。如: Both Mary and Joan are students →Neither Mary nor Joan is a student. (2)含有already (已经),too (也)的肯定句加not变为否定句时,要分别把already和too改为yet和either。如: He has already seen the movie. (变为否定句) →He hasnt seen the movie yet. I want to go for a picnic, too. (变否定句) →I dont want to go for a picnic,either. (3)含有almost, many, much, often等词的肯定句可直接用never (hardly),few, little, seldom变为否定句,而不用加not。如: He always stays up late in the evening. (变为否定句) →He never (hardly) stays up late in the evening. There is much food in the fridge. (变为否定句)→There is little food in the fridge. 3. 当主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose等时,若要否定宾语从句,应注意否定转移现象。如: I think you are right. 我认为你是对的。 I dont think you are right. 我认为你不对。 二、 一般疑问句的回答 一般情况下,含有情态动词的一般疑问句,回答时应用与问句相同的词,但有时也用其他情态动词来回答。 用情态动词may提问时,否定回答用mustnt, cant, may not。如: —May I smoke here?——我可以在这儿吸烟吗? —Yes, you may. ——是的,可以。 —No, you mustnt. ——不,绝对不可以。 —No, you cant. ——不,不可以。 提分策略 简单句的基本句型各有特色。例如:反意疑问句由“陈述句+简单问句”构成;感叹句由what或how引导;祈使句由动词原形开头等。考生要熟记简单句的各种句型,积累一些经典句型。根据句型特点解答有关试题。 【例】(2014·福建福州·32)—　　　　foggy day!? Something must be done to solve the haze problem. A. How　　　B. What　　　C. What a 　foggy后面加单数名词day, 用what来引导。所以选C。 【答案】　C 2.,考生要正确理解句意,根据语境,将答案代入题干,然后做出正确选择。 【例】(2014·江苏苏州·2)—　　　　do you go to the sports club?? At least once a week. A. How long B. How often C. How much D. How far 【解析】　,所以可知上句问的是动作发生的频率,所以上句的疑问词是how often。 【答案】　B 1. (2014·内蒙古赤峰·37)—Have you heard of Zhang Lili? She was seriously hurt in an ac