化裂化的目的和意义（The purpose and significance of cracking）.docVIP

化裂化的目的和意义（The purpose and significance of cracking） 1 Purpose and significance of catalytic cracking Petroleum refining industry is an important pillar industry of the national economy, and its products are widely used in industries, agriculture, transportation and national defense construction. Catalytic cracking (FCC) as the main production unit of oil refining enterprises, plays an important role in petroleum processing, deep processing of crude oil, is an effective way to improve the light oil yield, quality and economic benefits of the FCC processing important crude oil two times the processing process is liquefied petroleum gas, gasoline, kerosene oil, diesel oil, and the main means of production, has the important status in the oil refinery station. The traditional raw materials used in heavy distillate oil obtained by distillation of crude oil, mainly straight distilled vacuum gas oil (VGO), including coking of heavy distillate oil (CGO). In recent 20 years, some heavy oils or residues have also been used as feedstock for catalytic cracking, such as vacuum residue, solvent deasphalting oil, hydrotreating heavy oil, etc.. Brief introduction of catalytic cracking process The process principle of catalytic cracking is: reactants (deasphalted oil, wax oil, residual oil) at 500 DEG C, 0.2 - 0.4MPa and contact with the catalyst under the action of cracking, isomerization, cyclization and aromatization, dehydrogenation and other chemical reactions, the reactants for gasoline, light diesel oil, heavy diesel oil, byproduct for dry gas and coke oil slurry, etc.. The catalyst theoretically does not lose in the reaction process, but guides the cracking reaction to produce more desired high octane hydrocarbon products. The FCC had Chen considerable flexibility, allowing the vehicle manufacturing and aviation gasoline and diesel production to meet the changes of crude oil market was mainly converted to gasoline and low boiling products, usually it is a one-way operation.