指数函数和对数函数的概念 例子（The concept of exponential function and logarithmic function example）.docVIP

指数函数和对数函数的概念 例子（The concept of exponential function and logarithmic function example） The concept of exponential function logarithmic function example The concept of 1 log if a (a0, and a = 1) of the power of B is equal to N, ab=N, B to a that the number is called N for the end of logarithm, recorded as logaN=b a, which is called the logarithmic base, N called zhenshu. By definition: no known negative and zero logarithm; II a0 and a = 1, N0; loga1=0, logaa=1, alogaN=N, logaab=b. in particular, the base 10 logarithm is the common logarithm of, denoted as log10N, abbreviated as lgN; the irrational number e (e=2.718 28... )为底的对数叫做自然对数，记作logeN，简记为lnN. 2对数式与指数式的互化 式子名称abN指数式ab=N(底数)(指数)(幂值)对数式logaN=b(底数)(对数)(真数) 3对数的运算性质 如果a0,a≠1,M0,N0,那么 (1)loga(MN)=logaM+logaN. (2)logaMN=logaM-logaN. (3)logaMn=nlogaM (n∈R). 问：①公式中为什么要加条件a0,a≠1，M0,N0? ②logaan=? (n∈R) ③对数式与指数式的比较.(学生填表) 式子ab=NlogaN=b名称a—幂的底数 b— N—a—对数的底数 b— N—运 算 性 质am·an=am+n am÷an= (am)n= (a0且a≠1,n∈R)logaMN=logaM+logaN logaMN= logaMn=(n∈R) (a0,a≠1,M0,N0) 难点疑点突破 对数定义中，为什么要规定a＞0,，且a≠1? 理由如下： ①若a＜0 Then, some of the N value does not exist, for example log-28? If a=0, then N = 0 B N=0 B does not exist; not only, can be any positive number? If a=1, then N = 1 B N=1 B does not exist; not only, can be any positive number? In order to avoid the above situation, so the provisions of logarithmic type bottom is not equal to 1 of the positive solution skills? 1 (1) of the following index: 54=625; written log type II 2-6=164; 3x=27; 13m=5? 73. (2) of the following logarithmic exponential: Log1216=-4; log2128=7 log327=x; 2; lg0.01=-2; ln10=2.303; LG =k. analysis by the log PI definition: ab=N logaN=b.? Answer (1) of the log5625=4. 2 log2164=-6. 3 mutual log327=x. log135.73=m. problem solving method exponential and logarithmic type, and only need to firmly grasp the definition must log: Ab=N? LogaN=b. (2) 12-4=16. 3 3x=27. 4 10-2=0.01. 27=128. II e2.303=10. 10k= PI. 2 according to the following conditions respectively for the value