水文地质学基础（General Hydrogeology）.docVIP

水文地质学基础（General Hydrogeology） Recharge: the process by which aquifers obtain water from the outside world is called recharge. Excretion: the process in which aquifers lose water is called excretion. Runoff: the flow of water from the recharge area to the discharge area is called runoff. Runoff intensity: flow per unit time through unit section, i. e. seepage velocity. Strong runoff zone: in some uneven flow fields, strong runoff zones tend to be irregular banded distribution, so it is called strong runoff zone or concentrated runoff zone. Infiltration rate: the infiltration water per unit time is called infiltration rate through unit surface area. Infiltration coefficient: the ratio between annual precipitation infiltration amount QX and annual precipitation X. Dynamic and equilibrium: the dynamics of groundwater refers to the change of the quantity and quality of groundwater (water level, flow rate, water temperature, water chemical composition, etc.) with the change of time under the influence of various factors. The quantitative relationship between groundwater quality and water balance in a given period of time is called groundwater balance. The source of groundwater recharge: meteoric water, surface water, condensed water, other aquifers, and artificial recharge. Gap: there is a gap in the rock (soil), and the gap is the site and channel of groundwater infiltration, storage and migration. Pore: a pore between a loose or incompletely cemented rock, between particles or particles, or between a particle aggregate and a particle aggregate, called a pore. Cracks: cracks are formed by the formation and formation of hard rock after a variety of internal and external forces, resulting in damage to rock mass formed by the gap. Solution space: the void produced by the dissolution of rock water and mechanical erosion is called dissolution gap. Porosity: the amount of porosity that is called porosity. Generally expressed as the ratio of pore volume to total volume of rock.