激发三重态（Excited three states）.docVIP

激发三重态（Excited three states） At most temperatures, most molecules are at the lowest vibrational level of the ground state. Molecules absorbed in the ground state absorb energy (electric energy, thermal energy, chemical energy, or light energy, etc.) and are excited to be excited. The excited state is very unstable, It will release energy quickly and re jump back to the ground state. When the molecules return to the ground state, the energy is emitted in the form of emission of electromagnetic radiation (light), known as luminescence. If the molecules of matter absorb light energy, they are stimulated The electromagnetic radiation emitted by the transition back to the ground state, known as fluorescence and phosphorescence. The mechanism of fluorescence and phosphorescence is discussed in terms of molecular structure theory. Each molecule has a series of strictly separated energy levels, called electron energy poles, and each electron energy level contains a series of vibrational energy levels and rotational energy levels. The state of motion of electrons in molecules In addition to the energy levels, the electrons contain multiple states of electrons. In M=2S+1, S is the sum of the quantum numbers of each electron spin quantum, with a value of 0 or 1. According to the principle of Pauli incompatibility, the same orbital in the molecule The two electrons occupied must have opposite spin directions, namely spin pairing. If all electrons in the molecule are spin paired, then S=0, M=1, the molecule is in a singlet state (or a single line), expressed in symbolic S. The ground states of most organic compounds are in the singlet state. When the ground state molecules absorb energy, if the electron does not change in the direction of spin during the transition, it is still M=1, and the molecules are excited at a single weight If the electron is accompanied by a change in the spin direction during the transition, then the molecule has two spin unpaired electrons, S=1, M=3, an