里氏震级（Richter scale）.docVIP

里氏震级（Richter scale） Richter scale medical aircraft The Richter scale by two from the California Institute of Technology seismologist Richter (Charles Francis Richter) and Gutenberg (Beno Gutenberg) proposed in 1935 a magnitude scale, is the international standard of earthquake magnitude. It is based on the amplitude and period of the earthquake observed at a certain distance away from the epicenter, and considering the attenuation of the seismic wave from the source to the observation point, and the magnitude of the earthquake at the source calculated by a formula. Catalog brief introduction Development history Counting formula Series partition Disadvantages and improvements Magnitude and energy Magnitude and intensity Edit this paragraph introduction Richter scale In order to make the result is negative, the maximum horizontal displacement observation point defined in the Richter seismic instrument from the epicenter 100 kilometers to 1 microns (this is Wood - Anderson maximum precision torsion type seismograph) as the 0 earthquake earthquake. By this definition, if the amplitude of the seismic wave measured by the Wood Anderson torsion seismograph at 100 km from the epicenter is 1 millimeters (10^3 microns), the Richter scale will be 3 on the Richter scale. The Richter scale does not specify an upper or lower limit. Modern precision seismographs often record earthquakes with a negative magnitude. Due to the limitations of the Wood Anderson torsion seismograph used in the design of the Richter scale, the near earthquake size of ML is not applicable if it is greater than about 6.8 or the observation point is more than 600 km from the epicenter. Later, researchers proposed some improvements, in which surface wave magnitude (MS) and body wave magnitude (Mb) were the most commonly used. Edit this paragraph to develop history The Richter scale was put forward by Charles Richter of the United States in 1935. However, as in many scientific fields, there are many different