初中宾语从句的讲解与运用概要.ppt

宾 语 从 句 句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式充当 含义： 宾语从句的三要点： 1、引导词 2、从句语序 3、从句的时态 宾语从句三要素 一、引导词：取决于从句的语气 三、主.从句的时态呼应 1.主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态。 2.主句是一般过去时,从句用过去范畴的时态。 3.主句是一般过去时，但从句表达的是客观真 理或自然现象时，仍然用一般现在时。 e.g: He says that he is reading a book now. He said that he would work hard. They said they had been to France. The students asked me if the earth goes round the sun. 确定从句的时态(根据主句时态) work 主句时态 从 句 时 态 连 接 前 连 接 后 一般现在时 时态由从句决定 一般过去时 一般现在时work 一般过去时worked 一般过去时 worked 过去完成时had worked 一般将来时will work 过去将来时would work 现在进行时is working 过去进行时was working 现在完成时have worked 过去完成时had worked 　 ?????? 标点符号 ：?????? 宾语从句末尾的标点符号由主句决定，不受从句的限制。如果主句是陈述句或者是祈使句时用句号；而主句是疑问句时，句末则用问号。?????? e.g? ?????? He asked me if / whether I could help him . Do you know where Li Ping is ??????? Please tell me which colour you like best . ?????? Would you please tell the teacher how old you are ?  四、宾语从句的标点符号 　 ??????? 五、宾语从句的否定形式（否定转移） ：??????? 一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定式是一样的。但若主句谓语动词是?think 、 expect 、 believe 、 guess 、 imagine 、 suppose 等表示“认为，猜想”的词时，一般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中。??????? e.g? ??????? I don’t think it’s going to rain . I don’t believe she will lend you the money .???????? 但是，如果主句中的谓语动词是 hope ，则不适用于此规则。??????? e.g? ??????? I hope he won’t come . 六、宾语从句的简化 1.当宾语从句的主语与主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是hope ,wish , decide , agree , know , remember, forget, learn choose，tell等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如： I hope that I can receive your e-mail. = I hope to receive your e-mail. 我希望收到你的电子邮件。 连词+宾语从句 连词+to do She didn’t decide which one she would choose . =She didn’t decide which one to choose . Please tell me whom you’ll give the letter to . = Please tell me whom to give the letter to . 2.动词seem后的宾语从句可用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型要有适当的变化。通常将宾语从句的主语作为简化的句子的主语，seem（适当时态形式）作谓语。如： It seems that football is very interesting. = Football seems to be very interesting. 足球似乎非常有趣。 3.宾语从句可以简化为名词或名词短语。如： I don’t believe what Tom said. = I d