定语从句教师版概要.doc

定语从句专题讲练 一、定义 1) 在复合句中(一个句子的某一成分由句子承当), 修饰 某一名词或代词从句叫定语从句或形容词从句; 在句中起定语的作用. 2) 被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。 (1)The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句 (2)You must do everything that I do. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句 二、关系代词的作用 1.连接主句和从句。 2.代表被修饰的先行词。 3.在定语从句做一个句子成分。 eg. This is the room which I lived in last year. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句 三、关系词的用法小结 关系代词 词行 先行词 充当成分 who 人 主、宾、表 whom 人 宾 that 人 物 主、宾、表 which 物 主、宾、表 as 物 主、宾 whose=of whom\of which 人 物 定语 关系副词 when=at\in\on\during which 时间 状 where=at\in\to which 地点 状 why=for which 原因 状 1．that:代表的先行词为人或物，在从句中做主语、宾语和表语。 A plane is a machine _that can fly___（能飞的）. He is the man _that knows English well___(很懂英语的). 注意：that引导定语从句时：a. 作宾语时that可省略。b. that前不可用介词。 2．which: 代表的先行词为物，在从句中做主语、宾语 The film which I saw last night was wonderful. This is the book_ which I bought yesterday_____(我昨天买的). Guilin is a city _which has a history of 200 years___(有200年历史的). 注意: 1.作宾语时，which可以省略。 2.which 也可以代替前面的一个句子或句中的一部分 3．who: 代表的先行词为人，在从句中做主语和宾语。 The man __who is visiting our school____(参观我们学校) is our head master. He is the man __who I talked with____(我与之说话的). 4．whose: 代表的先行词为人或物，在从句中做定语。 I saw the man whose face is red. This is the window _whose glasses were broken_____(玻璃碎了的). I borrowed a book _whose author is a farmer___(它的作者是个农民). 5. whom: 代表的先行词为人，在从句中做宾语. Where is the man_ whom I saw this morning_____(我今早晨见的)？ Mr. Smith (whom ) you met yesterday___(你昨天见到的) is a friend of mine. 四、关系代词that和 which的区别 1．that和which都指物时, 在下列情况下只能用that而不能用which。 (1) 先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none , few.等不定代词。 That is all that I want to say. Everything _that we saw____(我们看到的) was interesting (2) 先行词被all , little, none, any, only, few, much, no, some, very等词修饰。 I read all the books that you gave to me. (3) 先行词被序数词修饰。 This is the first book_ that are written in English___(用英语写的). (4) 先行词被最高级修饰。 This is the best film _that I have ever seen____(我曾经看过