地理选修5（Geography 5）.docVIP

地理选修5（Geography 5） Take five natural disasters and control Chapter 1, a brief account of natural disasters I. major types of natural disasters: Meteorological disasters, geological disasters, marine disasters and biological disasters are four major types. (1) meteorological disasters: 1. tropical cyclones: (1) concept: a deep low pressure vortex occurring in the tropics or subtropics Tropical cyclones near the center of the average wind force greater than 12 are called typhoons (2) form: To the vast ocean water evaporation, adequate water vapor into the atmosphere A hot, cold, unstable atmosphere that causes air to rise and water vapor to condense The typhoon will move after the formation of source, evolution, development and extinction of less experience (3) distribution: Seasonal distribution: can occur throughout the year, especially in the 7-11 month (Northern Hemisphere Xia Qiuji) is the most frequent Spatial distribution: mainly in tropical or subtropical regions of the Northwest Pacific Ocean (southeastern coast of China), Japan and Southeast Asian countries are among the most tropical cyclones in the world The northern coast of the bay of Bengal and the coasts of the Caribbean and the east coast of the United States 2. drought: (1) concept: the phenomenon of air drying and soil water shortage due to the absence of precipitation or precipitation for a long time (2) form: The core reason: less rainfall (climatic fluctuation; long time climate change) The causes of drought (water shortage) include precipitation, evaporation, runoff, vegetation coverage, and certain human factors... ) (3) distribution: Seasonal distribution: depending on the specific characteristics of each region Spatial distribution: precipitation is unstable in arid and semi-arid regions, such as Africa, Asia, and Oceania Drought is most severe in inland areas, especially in Africa 3. cold wave: (1) concept: a wide range of strong cold air activity (the temperature drops by more than 10 degre