遗传学名词解释（Genetic terminology explanation）.docVIP

遗传学名词解释（Genetic terminology explanation） The inheritance and variation of biological reproduction way to multiply by race, keep life among generations continuously, keep the offspring and their parents are similar and similar, this phenomenon is called genetic inheritance, is the essence of genetic material passed through continuous replication and maintain, parental and offspring similarity and similarity, at the same time, parents and offspring, between offspring exist differences, including differences in environment and genetic material differences, this difference is variation. 1 traits: in genetics, the morphological features and physiological characteristics expressed by organisms are collectively referred to as traits. 2 and relative characters: two different forms of the same character are called relative characters. 3, dominant traits: Mendel showed the characteristics of F1 called dominant traits, F1 does not show the characters called recessive characters. 4, the phenomenon of separation of characters: Mendel shows the apparent and recessive characters in F2 at the same time, which is called the phenomenon of character separation. 5 alleles and non alleles: alleles are two genes that share the same locus in homologous chromosomes but affect development of the same trait in different ways. Non allelic genes refer to genes that control non relative traits at different loci. 6, selfing: F1 generations of individual mating between each other, called self intersection. 7, backcross: F1 generation with one of the parents of mating, called backcross. 8, the side of the cross: F1 generation and double recessive between the mating, called the side of the intersection. 9. Genotype and phenotype Genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, the internal material basis for which a trait can be expressed. It is invisible to the naked eye Cross hybridization test. Such as CC, CC, Cc. Phenotype is a manifestation of organism, the result of interaction between genotype