机器发明使世界进入了一个新纪元即工业时代金钱成了.pptVIP

After-class practice for Lecture 5 Sentence translation ;After-class practice for Lecture 5 Passage translation ;After-class practice for Lecture 5 Passage translation ;; 定语从句是英语中最常见的语法现象之一。通常可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两大类。限制性定语从句对所修饰的先行词起限制作用，与先行词关系较为密切；非限制性定语从句对先行词不起限制作用，只是对它加以叙述，描写或解释，并用逗号与之隔开。因此针对不同类型的定语从句，要有灵活多样的翻译方法,原则是忠实和通顺。;前置译法 后置译法 合成译法 译成状语从句 ;限制性定语从句往往要译成“……的”这种句型的前置定语结构，因为限制性定语从句与所修饰的词关系密切，若分开译则会影响主句意思的完整。也有一些非限制性定语从句，或因结构较短，或因与被修饰词关系较为密切，或因拆译后将会造成译文结构松散，在这种情况下也可以译成前置定语结构。;The pressure is almost as heavy on students who just want to graduate and get a job. 对于那些只想毕业后找份工作的学生来说, 压力也一样不小。 I think we should be worried about the values that are nurturing the new generation. 我想我们应该对培育着下一代的价值理念感到担忧。;A writer’s work is a constant struggle to get the right word in the right place, to find that particular word that will convey his meaning exactly, that will persuade the reader or soothe him or amuse him. 作家的使命就是不断地锤炼文字，力求做到用词恰到好处，寻求能够确切表达意思的词，能够说服、安慰或取悦读者的词语。;An eminent American historian, Barbara Tuchman, who has been highly acclaimed for her narrative histories, gained her first significant recognition in 1958. 曾以叙事性历史传记闻名的著名美国历史学家，芭芭拉? 塔奇蔓，在1958年首次得到认可。 My brother’s laugh, which was very infectious, broke the silence. 我哥哥那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉默。;后置译法在非限制性定语从句中使用得比较普遍。有些限制性定语从句结构相对复杂，译成汉语前置定语则显得过长，而且不符合汉语表达习惯，这种情况下往往也可以译成后置的并列分句，作进一步的连贯叙述。有以下几种具体译法：;重复英语关系代词所表达的含义，必要时还需要加译一些代词或连词。 例： 省略英语关系代词或关系副词所代表的含义，必要时还需要加译一些代词或连词。例： 英语关系代词who或which 转译成汉语人称代词或指示代词。例：;If you reach Chicago by train and spend only an hour or two there you will feel the light wind off the lake which gives it the name “Windy City”. 如果乘火车抵达芝加哥，即使只在那里逗留一两个小时，你也会感觉到从密歇根湖那边吹拂过来的阵阵清风，这就是芝加哥之所以叫做“风城” 的缘故。;In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks this week, let us recognize at the outset these points: we have at times in the past been enemies. We have great differences today. What brings us together is that we have common interests which transcend these differences. 我希望我们在本周的会谈将会是坦诚的。让我们从一开