小升初形容词、副词专题概要.ppt

形容词、副词 adj./adv. 1. 形容词与副词 1.1 形容词表示某一事物或者人的特征；副词表示某一动作的特征。 e.g. a beautiful flower a short man an active student a kind teacher e.g. He runs quickly. She works busily. They speak English slowly. It rains terribly outside. 1.2 形容词的构成 由名词变为形容词 (1) 名词后加-y e.g. fun-funny sun-sunny cloud-cloudy luck-lucky rain-rainy snow-snowy wind-windy health-healthy (2) 名词后面加-ly e.g. love-lovely friend-friendly day-daily 1.3 副词的构成 在形容词的基础上构成 (1) 在形容词词尾直接加-ly e.g. quick-quickly slow-slowly quiet-quietly beautiful-beautifully (2) 以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly e.g. busy-busily noisy-noisily angry-angrily easy-easily lazy-lazily (3) 某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-y或-ly。 e.g. terrible-terribly true-truly gentle-gently (4) 特殊情况 loud(adj.)-aloud/loudly(adv.) (形容词与副词同形) late 迟到地 early 早地 hard 刻苦地；努力地 fast 迅速地 2. 形容词与副词的比较级 2.1 形容词与副词有三种形式：原级、比较级、最高级 比较级：形容词后加-er 最高级：the+形容词后加-est e.g. long-longer 更长的 tall-taller 更高的 strong-stronger-the strongest (最强壮的) the shortest tree 2.2 比较级的两个重要特征： 句中出现than时，形容词要变为比较级形式 (……比……更……) e.g. He is taller than me. The Changjiang River is longer than the Yellow River. 同级比较：as+adj./adv.(原级)+as(…与…一样) e.g. His apple is as small as mine. He studies as hard as his sister. 2.3 形容词的比较级变化规则 (1)