aging and productivity among economists 语言文化论文.doc

AGING AND PRODUCTIVITY AMONG ECONOMISTS 语言文化论文 　　生产力经济学是研究社会生产方式统一体中的生产力及其运动规律的经济学分支学科。 研究社会生产力发展运动规律的学科。 把人们对生产力认识的注意力从过去局限于生产力要素分解引导到从生产力要素的构成和结合上来把握生产力，从生产力要素不同的构成和结合方式上去求得最佳的经济效益的一门新兴科学。下面是学习啦小编为大家精心准备的语言文化论文：AGING AND PRODUCTIVITY AMONG ECONOMISTS?。仅供大家参考! ? 　　AGING AND PRODUCTIVITY AMONG ECONOMISTS（衰老和生产力经济学家?）全文如下： ? 　　Abstract：-Economists’ productivity over their careers and as measured by publication in leading journals declines very sharply with age. There is no difference by age in the probability that an article submitted to a leading journal will be accepted. Rates of declining productivity are no greater among the very top publishers than among others, and the probability of acceptance is increasingly related to the author’s quality rather than the author’s age. 　　It is well known that productivity declines with age in a wide range of activities. Lehman (1953) suggests an early peak in productivity in a variety of scientific and artistic endeavors, and Diamond (1986) documents the pattern for several scholarly pursuits. Levin and Stephan (1992) provide clear evidence that this decline exists even after careful attempts to account for individual and cohort differences. Fair (1994) finds declines in physical ability among elite runners, as does Lydall (1968,pp. 113 passim) in physical abilities of the population generally. In this study we examine productivity declines in our own field. The main new results arise from our use of two different types of information, the equivalent of household and establishment data, to study the stone field over essentially the same period of time. Section I discusses the general results on aging and productivity, whereas section II presents evidence of the importance of heterogeneity. ? 　　I. Declining Productivity with Age 　　Using the American Economic Association (AEA) Directory of Members, we identified tenured economics faculty at 17 top research institutions and obtained the years of their Ph.D. degrees.[1] With the