电动汽车发展状况及趋势.doc

论文题目：电动汽车的发展状况及趋势 摘 要 近年来，随着经济发展，我国已迈进汽车社会。汽车保有量迅速增加，导致我国每年近一半的原油需要进口，过度依赖石油资源将制约我国经济的发展，甚至影响到国家利益。同时，为了建设资源节约、环境友好的和谐社会，倡导并鼓励研发、使用环保节能的新能源汽车，代表了世界汽车业发展的方向，也符合我们的国情。我国电动车研究领先于国际水平，实现了电动汽车自主创新和技术集成，形成了比较完整的产业布局。同时，在关键性零部件技术，如汽车燃料电池发动机、驱动电机、动力蓄电池等方面，已经取得了重大进展，形成了配套产业链,最有可能率先实现电动车大规模产业化应用。一汽、东风、奇瑞、比亚迪等大型汽车工业集团，已启动电动车项目产业化。但电动汽车市场推广和使用环境培育进程比较缓慢确是不争的事实。 关键词：电动汽车充电站，发展趋势，混合动力，燃料电池，现状 Abstract In recent years, with economic development, China has been moving vehicle community. Car ownership increased rapidly, resulting in nearly half of Chinas annual crude oil to be imported, over-reliance on oil resources will restrict the development of our economy, and even affect the national interest. Meanwhile, in order to build a resource saving, environment-friendly society, promoting and encouraging research and development, use of environmentally friendly energy-efficient new energy vehicles, represents the direction of the world automobile industry is also consistent with our national conditions. Of electric vehicles in China ahead of international standards, and achieve the electric car innovation and technology integration, formed a relatively complete industrial layout. At the same time, technology in key components, such as automotive fuel cell engine, drive motors, power rechargeable battery side, has made significant progress in forming a complete industrial chain, most likely Shuaixian achieve electric Ju Hua scale industrial applications. FAW, Dongfeng, Chery, BYD and other large automotive group, has launched the industrialization of electric vehicle projects. But the electric car market to promote and foster the process of using the environment more slowly indeed is an indisputable fact. Keywords：Electric Vehicle Charging Station, trends, hybrid, fuel cell, present. 目 录 1引 言 1 2电动汽车概述 1 2.1 电动汽车的定义和分类 1 2.1.1 电动汽车的定义 1 2.1.2 电动汽车的分类 1 2.2 电动汽车的历史 4 2.3 电动汽车的优势 4 2.3.1 良好的环境保护效果 5 2.3.2 噪声低 5 2.3.3 热效率高 6 2.3.4 排放的废热少 6 2.3.5 可回收利用的能量多 6 2.3.6 可以改善能源结构、解决汽车的替代能源问