手术患者压疮危险因素评估量表的研制.PDFVIP

论 著 Research Paper 手术患者压疮危险因素评估量表的研制 钱维明 黄立峰 项海燕 王华芬 陈淑萍 杜丽丽 徐琴 方良玉 [ 摘 要] 目的：制定针对手术患者的压疮危险因素评估量表，使手术室压疮护理有科学的评价工具。方法：在文献回顾和 专家访谈的基础上，结合临床实践经验，确立备选指标，通过专家会议法自行设计第一轮专家函询问卷，采用德尔菲法对 30 名 专家进行3 轮函询。结果：手术患者压疮危险因素评估量表一级指标有患者因素、手术因素、麻醉因素，二级指标分别包括年 2 龄、体质指数（体重 /身高 ）、受压点皮肤类型、活动能力、神经感觉障碍；手术体位、手术预计时间、术中施加外力、失血量； 麻醉方式等。结论：采用手术患者压疮危险因素评估量表对手术患者进行术前评估，依据量表评分采取科学、合理、具有针对 性的压疮预防措施，有利于减少围手术期压疮发生率，提高手术患者生活质量。 [ 关键词 ] 手术患者；压力性溃疡；危险性评估；德尔菲法 [中图分类号] R47 [DOI] 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1756.2013.08.008 Developing a pressure sore risk assessment scale for surgical patients by Delphi method / QIAN Wei-ming, HUANG Li-feng, XIANG Hai-yan, et al. // The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 China /// Chinese Nursing Management- 2013,13(8): 24-27 [Abstract] Objective: To explore a Surgery-related Pressure Sore Risk Assessment Scale (SPSRAS) for surgery patients. Methods: Based on a literature review and experts interview, combined with clinical experiences, an iterative questionnaire was designed to measure consensus among individual experts. Delphi technique had been used to investigate 30 experts in this field for three rounds. Results: The first level indicators in SPSRAS included factors related to patients, operation and anesthesia. Age, BMI, type of pressure skin, activity ability and nerve sensory disturbances were patients factors. Surgical position, surgical estimated time, external force by surgeons and blood loss amount were factors related to operation. Anesthesia factor mainly included the types of anesthesia. Conclusion: The application of SPSRAS could enhance pressure sore prevention and improve life quality in surgery patients sore based on appropriate risk assessment and timely intervention accordingly. [Key words] surgical patient