社区美沙酮维持治疗对阿片类成瘾者回归社会家庭功能影响因素探究.doc

社区美沙酮维持治疗对阿片类成瘾者回归社会家庭功能影响因素探究【中图分类号】R971.3 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1672－3783(2011)07－0358－02 【摘要】目的探讨社区美沙酮门诊对阿片类成瘾者回归社会家庭功能的影响因素，为采取进一步的干预措施提供依据。方法采用《社区药物维持治疗评估基线调查表》对2007年1月至2009年12月在珠海市美沙酮维持治疗门诊入组治疗的阿片类成瘾者进行问卷调查。 结果在珠海市美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)门诊入组治疗的人群以男性和青壮年无业人群为主、具文化程度较低、首次吸毒年龄低等特点。其中，首次吸毒年龄、过去1个月平均每天吸毒次数、过去1个月平均每天毒品花费、过去1个月内和吸毒的朋友交往的次数等是其社会家庭功能的主要影响因素。 结论针对吸毒人群开展的美沙酮维持治疗不但要减少阿片类成瘾者相关的高危行为，同时要注重改善其社会家庭功能。 【关键词】美沙酮 阿片类成瘾 社会家庭功能 Influencing Factor of Drug Abuse to Return Social Function and Family Relationship for Methadone Maintenance Treatment Clinics LBAO Hua CHEN Bin ZHOU Banqun ZHANG Huayuan JIAO Liang LIN Jianyou LUO Zhihua ZHAO Chaomin ZHANG Hengqiu 【Abstract】Objective To investigate the influencing factor of social function and family relationship of drug abuse for opioid addicts methadone maintenance treatment clinics in Zhuhai City for setting up proper prevention and intervention measure. Methods An investigation was carried out among opioid addicts under MMT treatment by Community Drug maintenance treatment baseline questionnaire, between Jan 2007 ? Dec 2009. Results Most of drug abuse for opioid addicts methadone maintenance treatment clinics were young male with low educational level, jobless or unemployed, low age of first drug abuse. Age of first drug abuse, daily average number of drugs abuse in the past 1 month, the average daily cost of drugs in the past 1 month, the number of communication with drugs abuse friends, were the main factors of social function and family relationship. Conclusion Using methadone maintenance treatment could reduce risk behaviors of drugs abuse for opioid addicts, and it was also requisite to improve their social function and family relationship. 【Key words】Methadone; Opioid Addicts; Social Function and Family Relationship 美沙酮维持治疗(methadone maintenance treatment，MMT)是根据交叉依赖原理，利用美沙酮依赖程度较低、作用时间较长的药理特点，用以替代成瘾性强、作用时间较短的海洛因或吗啡等，达到控制戒断症状，减少或缓解对海洛因或吗啡等的渴求，从而减少海洛因或吗啡等滥用引发的公共卫生和社会问题［1-3］，包括降低吸毒者的反社会行为，改变吸毒者错误和危险的认知、行为及增加吸毒者的社会