critical point theorems临界点定理.pdfVIP

IJMMS 29:7 (2002) 429–438 PII. S0161171202011249 © Hindawi Publishing Corp. CRITICAL POINT THEOREMS H. BOUKHRISSE and M. MOUSSAOUI Received 12 December 2000 Let H be a Hilbert space such that H = V ⊕ W , where V and W are two closed subspaces of H . We generalize an abstract theorem due to Lazer et al. (1975) and a theorem given by Moussaoui (1990-1991) to the case where V and W are not necessarily finite dimensional. We give two mini-max theorems where the functional Φ : H → R is of class 2 and 1, respectively. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 58E05. 1. Introduction. Our purpose in this note is to generalize a mini-max theorem due to Lazer et al. [3]. Their theorem is as follows. Theorem 1.1. Let X and Y be two closed subspaces of a real Hilbert space H such that X is finite dimensional and H = X ⊕ Y (X and Y not necessarily orthogonal). Let Φ : H → R be a C2 functional and let ∇Φ and D 2Φ denote the gradient and Hessian of Φ, respectively. Suppose that there exist two positive constants m1 and m2 such that 2 2 2 2 D Φ (u)h,h ≤ −m1 h , D Φ (u)k,k ≥ m2 k (1.1) for all u ∈ H , h ∈ X , and k ∈ Y . Then Φ has a unique critical point, that is, there exists a unique v ∈ H such that ∇Φ (v ) =0. Moreover, this critical point is characterized by the 0 0 Φ v0 = max min Φ (x +y). (1.2) x ∈X y ∈Y Bates and Ekeland in [ 1] generalized Theorem 1.1 to the case where X and Y are not necessarily finite dimensional. Via a reduction method,