某市地下水质评价.doc

摘 要 本文在对本市地下水监测数据的基础上，采用水质综合评价法和水质开发利用功能法评价了地下水污染现状，并在此基础上探讨了地下水污染预防措施与对策，得出主要结论有：地下水评价结果为优良的有1眼井，占监测井数的10%；评价结果为较差的有1眼井，占监测井数的10%；评价结果为极差的共8眼井，占监测井数的80%。符合饮用水标准的井仅占10%，大部分井符合农田灌溉水质标准。地下水污染整体比较严重，已经不适合作为饮用水水源。主要的污染因子为Hg、NO3-、NO2-和Mn。针对评价结果，提出来地下水污染防治措施建议，为遏制地下水污染趋势，改善地下水环境质量提供参考依据。 关键词：地下水污染 水质评价 地下水污染预警 污染防治 Abstract Based on the groundwater monitoring data in the city, on the basis of the comprehensive evaluation method of water quality and water quality evaluation method for the development and utilization of function of the current situation of groundwater pollution, on the basis of groundwater pollution prevention measures and countermeasures are discussed, the main conclusions are: groundwater evaluation result for the fine well in 1 eye, accounting for 10% of the monitoring well number;The evaluation results for the poor have 1 Wells, accounting for 10% of the monitoring well number;The evaluation results for the poor, a total of 8 Wells, accounting for 80% of the monitoring well number.Up to the standard of drinking water well accounted for only 10%, most of the well irrigation water quality standards.Groundwater pollution is more serious whole, is not suitable for drinking water sources.The main pollution factor for Hg, NO3 - and NO2 - and Mn.According to the evaluation results, bring up groundwater pollution prevention and control measures suggested, to curb trend of groundwater pollution, improve the quality of groundwater environment, provide a reference basis. Keywords: water quality evaluation of the groundwater. pollution early warning .pollution prevention.control of groundwater pollution. 目 录 1引言 5 1.1研究背景 5 1.2地下水污染概念 5 1.3地下水污染源特征 6 1.4地下水污染的途径 6 1.5国内外研究现状 7 1.5.1 地下水质量评价研究历程 7 1.5.2 地下水污染预警 8 2 水质监测 9 2.1 地下水监测点网设计 10 2.1.1 监测点网布设原则 10 2.1.2 监测点网布设要求 10 2.1.3 监测点（监测井）设置方法 11 2.2 地下水样品的采集 12 2.2.1确定采样频次和采样时间的原则 ： 12 2.2.2采样频次和采样时间 12 2.2.3 采样技术、分析方法及质量控制 12 3 地下水水质评价 12 3.1 评价指标的选取与评价方法 13