General_Introducti的on_of_American_Literary_History.pptVIP

General Introduction of American Literary History (美国文学史概述);Chapter I Colonial Period Chapter II Revolutionary PeriodBenjamin FranklinPhilip Freneau Chapter III American RomanticismWashington IrvingJames Fenimore CooperWilliam Cullen BryantEdgar Allan PoeNathaniel Hawthorne ;The Foundation of English Colonies in North America（1607--1733）;英属北美殖民地的建立;“五月花”号(Mayflower) ?;The Ship of Mayflower; Colonial Period (1607-1775);Literature of Colonial Period 殖民地时期的文学;The American Puritanism;Puritan Literature;清教主义文学;Chapter Two;The Revolutionary Period;The Independence War;独立战争 （1774—1783）;战争事件;1775年5月，第2届大陆会议召开。次年7月大陆会议通过独立宣言，宣布13个殖民地脱离英国独立。战争进行了8年，到1781年10月，美、法联军攻下约克镇，独立战争结束。 1783年英美签订巴黎和约。 1789年联邦政府成立。4月，华盛顿就任美国首届总统(1792年连任)。 这时期涌现出一批杰出的政治家，如大陆军的总司令华盛顿、《独立宣言》的起草人杰斐逊、外交家富兰克林、文化战士潘恩。;Declaration of Independence ;Literature of the Revolutionary Period;Political writing, moreover, was influenced by the conception of natural rights. Where they had once sought salvation through their churches, they now sought salvation through rebellion. Americans also began to change their conception of nature. Influenced by Rousseau (1712-1778), American writers began to celebrate the humble and rural life, the natural wilderness, the intuitive and nonrational virtues of the child, and primitive man. American literature was also being influenced by the frontier experience, political conflicts and the growing nationalism. ;Leading writers and their works;1. Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790);《自传》; Franklin’s Contributions to Science;The Autobiography is a record of self-examination and self-improvement. Benjamin Franklin was a spokesman for the new order of the 18th century enlightenment The Autobiography is a how-to-do-it book, a book on the art of self-improvement. (for example, Franklin’s 13 virtues) Through telling a success story of self-reliance, the book celebrates, in fact, the fulfillment of the American dream. The Autobiography is in the pattern of Puritan simplicity,