定语从句2.jsp.docVIP

关系代词that 的用法 ? 1）不用that的情况　　a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。　　　 (错)　The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.　　b) 介词后不能用。　　　　 We depend on the land from which we get our food.　　　　 We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况　　a)　 　　b)　在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。　　c)　先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。　 　　d)　先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.　　e)　先行词既有人，又有物时。举例：　 All that is needed is a supply of oil. 　 所需的只是供油问题。　 Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.　　 那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。 1 关系代词引导的定语从句 ? 　　关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1）who, whom, that　 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：　 Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）　 He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：　 They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.　 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。　 Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.　请递给我那本绿皮的书。3）which, that　　它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：　　A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语）　　The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语） 2 关系副词引导的定语从句 ? 　 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。1）when, where, why　 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构，因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用，例如：　 There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.　任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。　 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.　北京是我的出生地。　 Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?　这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？2）that代替关系副词　 that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和介词+ which引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：　 His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.　他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。　 He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他