gps事后差分定位数据处理理论与研究.doc

-I- 摘要 采用常规仪器和传统方法进行矿区地表移动测量工作繁重而又紧张，如若能 采用GPS动态模式进行数据采集，则能为研究地表移动规律提供了一种新的研究 手段，达到提高数据采集效率、减轻工作强度的目的。本文正是针对此课题而展 开研究工作。针对此课题本文主要研究GPS事后相位平滑伪距差分定位技术，内 容包括以下几个方面： 1．讨论GPS各种定位模式。首先分析GPS单点定位数学模型，引出事后差 分定位技术的优势，继而着重分析相位平滑伪距差分定位数学模型，并对算法深 入研究，针对算法中若干重要问题提出相应的解决方案。 2．对于探测和修复周跳本文采用一种改进的多项式拟合法，试验证明此法能 探测和修复小周跳及大周跳。 3．相位平滑伪距窗口选择包括两方面：一是平滑窗口内各历元数据的取舍问 题，文中分析存在粗差伪距的历元不能参与平滑过程的原因，继而利用误差方程 常数项法来对伪距进行粗差探测；二是窗口开窗宽度k的选择所遵循的原则。 4．针对GPS测量成果实用问题，文中介绍如何根据坐标联测点求取四参数 转换模型，继而将其它GPS坐标转换成实用成果。 5．在理论研究基础上研制GPS事后差分定位软件PSP(Phase-Smoothed PseudoRange)，文中列出了软件整体及相关模块的流程图。为了对理论和软件功 能进行验证，对试验数据从内部符合精度和外部检核精度等指标进行分析，得出 平面上能达到5′级导线点位精度要求等相关结论。 图[26]表[11]参[60] 关键词：全球定位系统；事后差分定位；相位平滑伪距；周跳探测；软件研制 分类号：P228.4 Abstract With conventional instrument and traditional method,it is a hard and strain work for mining ground movement observation.If GPS kinematic technology can be used in field work,it will be a new research means,because it can improve efficiency and reduce the strain of the work.Based on the subject,the paper do some research on the GPS phase smoothing pseudorang differential positioning technology,the main research are the following aspects: 1.Discussed the GPS positioning modes.First of all,paper analyse GPS single point positioning mathematical model,leads to post differential positioning technology and then focus on an analysis of differential phase-smoothed pseudorange positioning mathematical modell.The author put forward solution for some important problem. 2.The paper uses a polynomial fitting to detect and repair the cycle slip,and the test proves that the method can detect and repair the cycle slip in every condition. 3.we must attach importance to how to select the phase pseudorange smoothing window.It also includes one of two aspects:the first one is that how to choice every epoch data in the smoothing window,in the paper,the author tell why the epoch data includes rough should not take part in smoothing,then use a method used erro equation constant to detect the gross error.The seco