analysis of auditory measures in normal hearing young male adult cigarette smokers using multiple variable selection methods with predictive validation assessments分析听觉措施正常听力年轻男性成年吸烟者使用多个变量选择方法与预测效度的评估.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Otolaryngology Volume 2009, Article ID 745151, 7 pages doi:10.1155/2009/745151 Research Article Analysis of Auditory Measures in Normal Hearing Young Male Adult Cigarette Smokers Using Multiple Variable Selection Methods with Predictive Validation Assessments Kamakshi V. Gopal,1 Richard Herrington,2 and Jacquelin Pearce1 1 Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA 2 Academic Computing Services, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Kamakshi V. Gopal, gopal@ Received 12 June 2009; Revised 20 October 2009; Accepted 25 October 2009 Recommended by Robert K. Shepherd Studies have shown that cigarette smoking is a risk factor for hearing loss; however, no information is available on auditory preclinical indicators in young chronic cigarette smokers. Cigarette smoking involves exposure to many harmful chemicals including carbon monoxide (CO). In this study, the CO level in 16 young normal hearing male chronic smokers was measured with a CO monitor, and was used as the outcome measure. Subjects were administered a battery of audiological tests that included behavioral and electrophysiologic measures. The goal was to investigate which auditory test measures can be used as potential predictors of the outcome measure. Using ordinary least squares estimation procedures with best-subsets selection and bootstrapped stepwise variable selection procedures, an optimal predictive multiple linear regression model was selected. Results of this approach indicated that auditory brainstem response peak V amplitudes and distortion product otoacoustic emissions had the highest predictive value and accounted for most of t