two-stage dilute acid hydrolysis of dairy manure for nutrient release, solids reduction and reducing sugar production两级稀酸水解的牛粪养分释放,减少固体和还原糖产量.pdf

Natural Resources, 2011, 2, 224-233 doi:10.4236/nr.2011.24028 Published Online December 2011 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/nr) Two-Stage Dilute Acid Hydrolysis of Dairy Manure for Nutrient Release, Solids Reduction and Reducing Sugar Production * S. K. Yawson, P. H. Liao, K. V. Lo Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. * Email: kvlo@civil.ubc.ca Received July 30th, 2011; revised August 15th, 2011; accepted August 22nd, 2011. ABSTRACT The microwave enhanced advanced oxidation process (MW/H O -AOP) aided with dilute sulfuric acid was applied in a 2 2 two-stage treatment of dairy manure for nutrient release, solids reduction, and reducing sugar production. A much higher hydrogen peroxide dosage (1.2 g H O /g TS) was used in Stage 2 than that in Stage 1 (0.38 g H O /g TS). Most of 2 2 2 2 the reducing sugar was produced in Stage 1, and only a small amount produced in Stage 2. The highest reducing sugar yield of 15.5% was obtained at 160˚C, 0 mL H O , and 20 min of heating time. With a high hydrogen peroxide dosage 2 2 and a higher operating temperature of 160˚C in Stage 2, the nutrient release conversion rate was much higher in Stage 2 than Stage 1. All of total phosphorus was converted to orthophosphate, and a very high ammonia concentration was ob- tained in the treated solution. The results indicated that the MW/H O -AOP operated under the reducing process (with- 2 2 out hydrogen peroxide) provided the best yield of reducing sugar; however, when operated under an oxidative process (wi