robust nash dynamic game strategy for user cooperation energy efficiency in wireless cellular networks健壮的纳什动态博弈策略的用户能源效率在无线蜂窝网络的合作.pdf

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Mathematical Problems in Engineering Volume 2012, Article ID 636159, 10 pages doi:10.1155/2012/636159 Research Article Robust Nash Dynamic Game Strategy for User Cooperation Energy Efficiency in Wireless Cellular Networks Shuhuan Wen,1 Baozhu Hu,1 Ahmad B. Rad,2 Xinbin Li,1 Huibin Lu,3, 4 and Jianhua Zhang5 1 Key Laboratory of Industrial Computer Control Engineering of Hebei, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China 2 School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, 250-13450 102 Avenue, Surrey, BC, Canada V3T 0A3 3 College of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Hebei, Qinhuangdao, China 4 The Key Laboratory for Special Fiber and Fiber Sensor of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Hebei, Qinhuangdao 066004, China 5 College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China Correspondence should be addressed to Ahmad B. Rad, arad@sfu.ca Received 2 October 2012; Accepted 25 October 2012 Academic Editor: Sheng-yong Chen Copyright q 2012 Shuhuan Wen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Recently, there is an emerging trend of addressing “energy efficiency” aspect of wireless communications. It has been shown that cooperating users relay each other’s information to improve data rates. The energy is limited in the wireless cellular network, but the mobile users refuse to relay. This paper presents an approach that encourages user cooperation in order to improve the energy efficiency. The game theory is an efficient method