Riemann Sums, Trapezoid Rule, and Simpsons Rule:黎曼和,梯形法则,辛普森法则.docx

Riemann Sums, Trapezoid Rule, and Simpsons Rule:黎曼和,梯形法则,辛普森法则.docx

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Riemann Sums, Trapezoid Rule, and Simpsons Rule:黎曼和,梯形法则,辛普森法则

Steven PrasciusMrs. Tallman AP Calculus17 March 2014Riemann Sums, Trapezoid Rule, and Simpsons RuleWhen determining the area under the curve of a function, the definite integral is almost always used. Although the definite integral is by far the most accurate method for determining the area under a curve, there are many other methods. These other methods are Riemann sums, the trapezoid rule, and Simpson’s rule.One method for finding the area under the curve is Riemann sums. A Riemann sum approximates the area under the curve by separating the area under the curve into separate rectangles and adding the areas of the rectangles together. The formal notation of a Riemann sum isRn= where =. In this notation n is the number of intervals, or number of rectangle that will be used, a and b are the start and end points for the integral, and f(x) is the height of the rectangle, or y-value. This notation simply means that the areas of the rectangles, found by multiplying height (f(x)) by width (?x), are added together to get an estimate for the area under the curve.There are five different types of Riemann sums which are left, right, midpoint, upper, and lower Riemann sums. All of these types of Riemann sums are found using rectangles with the only difference being the height of the rectangles they use. All of the types of Riemann sums use the same interval and same widths of the rectangles but use different heights found at different parts of the integrals. Left Riemann sums use heights, or f(x) values, that are found on the left most portion of each interval while right Riemann sums use heights that are found on the right most portion of each interval. Midpoint Riemann sums use the height value found directly in the center of the interval. Upper Riemann sums use the heights that correspond to the highest f(x) value in the integral and lower Riemann sums use heights that correspond to the lowest f(x) value in the integral. The differences between the types of Rie

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