跨文化交际 EFL and language transfer.pptVIP

EFL: English as a foreign language (作为外国语的英语) If the rules of mother tongue language are correspondence with the second language, the transfer will be benefit to the target language, called positive transfer.(正迁移) Common transfer Noun phrases, verbal phrases, and adjective phrases are the common phenomena of transfer. e.g. 1、有他这个扫把星，什么事情都办不成。 with a comet like, nothing can be accomplished .(x) 扫把星，是中国人对彗星（comet）的俗称，因其后面拖着一条像扫把一样的尾巴二得名。在中国古代，被认为是灾难的象征，并被用来比喻不吉利的人或事，祸根。 The person or thing that is thought to bring bad luck( to sb. / sth.) ;curse 英语中的comet虽然没有这层含义，但却有一个对应的说法，即：jinx。 例：I think this ring is a jinx to me. Every time I wear it, something bad happens.(不吉利) 2、老师很喜欢这个嘴甜的小姑娘。 the teacher likes this sweet-mouthed little girl very much. the teacher likes this honey-lipped little girl very much. 注：中国人喜欢说嘴甜，但honey-lipped更符合英美人的语言习惯。 3、拍马屁 试比较： A : the students all dislike him because he often pats the teacher’s ass. B : the students all dislike him because he often licks the teacher’s boots. 在欧洲……，lick the boots引申为“为了某种目的而讨好某人”。The same as“拍马屁”. Another way of saying. “polish the apple”，源于…… 4、你听说了吗？迈克把他的女朋友给甩了？ 试比较: A: have you ever heard that Mike broke up with his girlfriend? B: have you ever heard that mike dumped his girlfriend? Break up with “与某人分手”，但…… Dump原意指“倾倒垃圾”，用在这里表示像倒垃圾一样的甩掉。 Four-word Chinese idioms For the Chinese, the four-word phrase or idiom is highly valued, as Chinese students are encouraged to use such phrases or idioms in their Chinese writing. But some English expressions are often end up with redundancy and reduplication by using Chinese writing rules. 附 节译： 汉语成语中很多事对偶形式组成，用两个不同喻体表达相同喻意，如果前后两个词语都翻译就构成语义重复，对此类汉语四字格通常采用节译法，即省去并列重复的部分，保留它的基本喻意。 e.g. 经久耐用 durable 2. 高瞻远瞩的决策 a visionary /far sighted decision. 招商引资 attract investment 天长地久 eternal like skies 层峦叠嶂 peaks rising one after another 延年益寿 prolong on