高中英语 Unit 5 第一学时 Reading and Comprehension同步检测 新人教版必修5.docVIP

第一学时　Reading and Comprehension First Aid It is important for people to learn some knowledge about first aid in our daily life. If a person has an accident, he needs medical care before a doctor can be found. When giving/performing first aid, you must pay attention to three things. First, when a person stops breathing, open his/her mouth and see if there is food at the bulk of his/her mouth. Second, if a person cannot breathe, do your best to start his/her breathing at once, using a mouth-to-mouth way. Third, if a person is hurt badly, try at once to stop the bleeding. Then take him/her to a doctor. Usually, many accidents may happen at home. All parents should know first aid in order to deal with common injuries which may happen to their children. When a person is bitten by an animal, wash the wound with cold running water before he/she is taken to see a doctor. When a person is burnt, wash and cool the area of the skin under the cold tap for a while. Then put a piece of dry clean cloth over the burn. If the person is badly burnt, take him/her to the doctor. If a person cuts his/her finger, clean it and put a piece of paper round the cut. So everybody should know some first aid knowledge to save other peoples lives timely. 一、请将课文译成汉语，然后参照“助读译文”自主勘误。 助读译文： 烧伤的急救 皮肤是身体必不可少的部分，也是身体的最大器官。皮肤有三层，可以防病、防毒、抵御太阳有害光线的侵害。皮肤的功能也是非常复杂的：它还可以保暖或御寒，保持体内水分。正是皮肤使你感到冷热、疼痛，它还使你有触觉。因此，你可以想象到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，就可能非常严重。在治疗烧伤的过程中，紧急处理是非常重要的第一步。 烧伤的原因： 你可能由于下列原因而烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或大火)，太阳、电和化学物品。 烧伤的种类： 烧伤有三类：根据皮肤烧伤的层次而有一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。 ·一度烧伤：只损伤皮层的最上层。烧伤并不严重，应当在一两天内就有好转。例如轻度的晒伤，由于短暂接触热锅，炉子或烙铁而导致的烧伤。 ·二度烧伤：既损伤了皮肤的最上层，又损伤了皮质的第二层。这类烧伤属于严重的烧伤，需数星期才能痊愈。例如，严重的晒伤和灼热的液体所造成的烧伤。 ·三度烧伤：所有三层皮质以及皮下的组织和器官都受到损害。例如由电击引起的烧伤，因衣服起火引起的烧伤，或因汽油起火引起的烧伤。这些烧伤都属于严重烧伤，受伤者必须立即送往医院。 烧伤的特性： 一度烧伤：●干燥、发红、微肿 ●微痛 ●受压时变白 二度烧伤：●粗糙、发红、肿胀 ●起水泡 ●表面有水 ●极其疼痛 三度烧伤：●黑，白和焦炭色相间 ●肿胀，可看到皮下组织 ●若损坏了神经，则没有疼痛或很少疼痛，或者在创面四周有疼感 急救处理： 1．除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。靠近创面的其他衣物和首饰也都要取掉。 2．马上用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不能用冰水。最好是把烧伤的部位放在慢速流动的自来水下冲洗大约10分钟。(