非政府-ifpri2020conferences.ppt

政府与非政府组织互动促进减贫Government-NGO Interaction for Poverty Reduction 中国扶贫基金会副会长 何道峰 He Daofeng Vice President of China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation 这是一个很大的话题，15分钟显然不够，今天就开个头吧： This is a big topic and can not be clarified within 15 minutes. Let’s just make a start! 一、学术层面——政府与非政府的分野及社会根源I. Academic Dimension – Government —NGO Division and its Social Root 1、非政府组织是市场经济发展到一定阶段的产物， 是一种公共事务社会分工的组织载体。 1. NGO is a product of market economy at a certain development period and an organizational carrier of the division of social public affairs. 1）市场经济之前的农业文明，其组织载体主要是“家庭”和“政府”。 1）In the agricultural civilization prior to the market economy, the two main organizational forms of the society were “family” and “government”. 家庭的社会功能：私务（人类再生产,财富创造） Family’s Social Function: private affairs (reproduction, wealth generation) 政府的社会功能：公务(赋税、公共秩序与安全) Government’s Social Function: public affairs (taxes, social order and security) 2）市场经济后的工业文明和后工业文明, 其组织载体分化： 2）In the Industrial civilization and post industrial civilization after the marketization economy, the organizational carriers divided as: “家庭 公司”： 私务 “Family Corporation”: Private affaires “政府 非政府”：公务 “Government NGO”: Public affaires 3）“三大部门”还是“四大部门” “Three Sectors” or “Four Sectors” ① 公司 创造社会财富的组织载体 ① Corporations the social carrier for wealth generation ② 家庭 人类再生产及辅助创造财富的组织载体 ② Corporations the social carrier for human reproduction and assistance to wealth generation ③ 政府 处理公共事务的组织载体 ③ Government the carrier for public affairs; ④ 非政府 公民自组织协助政府处理公共事务的组织载体 ④ Non-governmental (Non-profitable) organizations the carrier for citizen’s autonomous organizations to assist the government in addressing public affairs. 2、政府与非政府的区别 （动员资源的方式差别） 2、Differences between government and NGO (the difference in mobilizing resources) 1）政府 运用国家机器赋税 1) Government use state apparatus to mobilize social tax resources 2)非政府 运用社会良知与互动