苹果种间杂种对苹果腐烂病感病性遗传研究.doc

苹果种间杂种对苹果腐烂病感病性遗传研究摘要： 【目的】为分析苹果实生树对苹果腐烂病抗病性的遗传规律，【方法】2010—2011年连续2 a用2个苹果腐烂病菌株对紫塞明珠ב富士的杂种实生树1 150株进行离体接种鉴定，采用次数分布分析法研究了苹果腐烂病抗病性遗传。【结果】结果表明，连续2 a接种2菌株主基因遗传率均在78.5%～85.5%。该实生群体对菌株03—8的感病性的变异由5个主基因位点分离所致，而对菌株xc56的感病性分离与4个主基因位点有关，且年份间表现稳定。【结论】离体枝条接种病原后，发病/不发病表现为质量性状遗传，发病对不发病为显性。感病的实生树接种后发病的病斑长度表现为多基因数量性状遗传。 关键词： 苹果； 苹果腐烂病； 遗传规律 中图分类号：S661.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1009—9980（2012）05—0717—05 Inheritance of susceptibility to valsa canker in Malus interspecific hybrids GAO Ting， LIU Xin—ying， ZHANG Xin—zhong， WANG Yi， LI Tian—hong，HAN Zhen—hai* （Institute for Horticulture Plants， China Agricultural University， Beijing 100193 China） Abstract： 【Objective】To study the inheritance of Valsa canker resistance. 【Method】1 150 apple hybrid seedlings （M. asiatica Zisai Pear’ × M. domestica ‘Fuji’） were inoculated with the germinated conidia suspension of two pathogenic strains [Valsa mali Miyabe et Yamada] on excised twigs for two years （2010 and 2011）. Inoculation results were analyzed using frequency distribution analysis.【Result】The joined heritability of these major genes was estimated to be 78.5% to 85.5% in this hybrid group when inoculated by the two strains in the year of 2010 and 2011 respectively. The variation in susceptibility to the strain 03—8 of this hybrid seedlings group was attributed to the segregation of 5 major alleles genes， whereas the susceptibility variation to the strain xc56 within this population was attributed to the segregation of 4 major alleles genes. The regularity of resistance within the adopted population to both of the two strains was respectively stable during two years.【Conclusion】The incidence and non—incidence were qualitatively segregated， and incidence was dominant to non—incidence. The lesion length of diseased seedlings was a quantitative trait. Key words： Malus domestica Borkh.； Valsa canker； Inheritance 苹果腐烂病主要由Valsa mali Miyabe et Yamada 引起[1]，该病菌既侵害苹果树的主枝、主干，也侵害果实等部位，造成树势衰弱、产量下降[2]。苹果腐烂病在亚洲、美洲、欧洲等苹果产区均有发生，而在亚洲东部地区发病尤为严重[3]。研究苹果腐