balancing with vibration a prelude for “drift and act” balance control平衡与振动的前奏u201c漂移和行动u201d的平衡控制.pdfVIP

Balancing with Vibration: A Prelude for ‘‘Drift and Act’’ Balance Control 1 2 3 1 1 1 John G. Milton *, Toru Ohira , Juan Luis Cabrera , Ryan M. Fraiser , Janelle B. Gyorffy , Ferrin K. Ruiz , 1 1 4 5 Meredith A. Strauss , Elizabeth C. Balch , Pedro J. Marin , Jeffrey L. Alexander 1Joint Science Department, The Claremont Colleges, Claremont, California, United States of America, 2 Sony Computer Science Lab, Tokyo, Japan, 3 Stochastic Dynamics Laboratory, Center for Physics, IVIC, Caracas, Venezuela, 4 Laboratory of Physiology, European University Miguel de Cervantes, Valladolid, Spain, 5 Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, A. T. Still University, Mesa, Arizona, United States of America Abstract Stick balancing at the fingertip is a powerful paradigm for the study of the control of human balance. Here we show that the mean stick balancing time is increased by about two-fold when a subject stands on a vibrating platform that produces vertical vibrations at the fingertip (0.001 m, 15–50 Hz). High speed motion capture measurements in three dimensions demonstrate that vibration does not shorten the neural latency for stick balancing or change the distribution of the changes in speed made by the fingertip during stick balancing, but does decrease the amplitude of the fluctuations in the relative positions of the fingertip and the tip of the stick in the horizontal plane, A(x,y). The findings are interpreted in terms of a time-delayed ‘‘drift and act’’ control mechanism in which controlling movements are made only when controlled variables exceed a threshold, i.e. the stick surv