cycle inhibiting factors (cifs) are a growing family of functional cyclomodulins present in invertebrate and mammal bacterial pathogens周期抑制因子(cifs)是一个日益增长的家庭功能cyclomodulins存在于无脊椎动物和哺乳动物细菌性病原体.pdfVIP

Cycle Inhibiting Factors (CIFs) Are a Growing Family of Functional Cyclomodulins Present in Invertebrate and Mammal Bacterial Pathogens ´ 1,2 3,4 ´ ´ 1,2 5 Gregory Jubelin , Carolina Varela Chavez , Frederic Taieb , Mark J. Banfield , Ascel Samba- 1,2 1,2 ` 1,2 3,4 3,4 Louaka , Rika Nobe , Jean-Philippe Nougayrede , Robert Zumbihl , Alain Givaudan , Jean-Michel Escoubas3,4, Eric Oswald1,2* ´ ´ 1 INRA, UMR1225, Toulouse, France, 2 Universite de Toulouse, ENVT, UMR 1225, Toulouse, France, 3 INRA, UMR 1133 Laboratoire EMIP, Montpellier, France, 4 Universite Montpellier 2, UMR 1133 Laboratoire EMIP, Montpellier, France, 5 Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, NR4 7UH, Norwich, United Kingdom Abstract The cycle inhibiting factor (Cif) produced by enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli was the first cyclomodulin to be identified that is injected into host cells via the type III secretion machinery. Cif provokes cytopathic effects characterized by G1 and G2 cell cycle arrests, accumulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) p21waf1/ cip1 and p27kip1 and formation of actin stress fibres. The X-ray crystal structure of Cif revealed it to be a divergent member of a superfamily of enzymes including cysteine proteases and acetyltransferases that share a conserved catalytic triad. Here we report the discovery and characterization of f