differential regional immune response in chagas disease微分区域恰加斯病的免疫反应.pdfVIP

Review Differential Regional Immune Response in Chagas Disease 1 1,2 ´ ´ 1 ´ 1 Juliana de Meis *, Alexandre Morrot , Desio Aurelio Farias-de-Oliveira , Dea Maria Serra Villa-Verde , Wilson Savino1 1 Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2 Laboratory of Immunobiology, Institute of Microbiology ´ Paulo de Goes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and are active only in the acute phase and short-term chronic Abstract: Following infection, lymphocytes expand phase of infection [2]. exponentially and differentiate into effector cells to Considered a ‘‘silent killer,’’ infection with T. cruzi leads to an control infection and coordinate the multiple effector acute phase, with symptoms such as fever, muscle pain, swollen arms of the immune response. Soon after this expansion, lymph nodes, hepatosplenomegaly, pericardial effusion, and the majority of antigen-specific lymphocytes die, thus inflammatory reaction at the vector’s biting site (chagoma) [2,6]. keeping homeostasis, and a small pool of memory cells During the acute phase, circulating parasites are numerous and develops, providing long-term immunity to subsequent reinfection. The extent of infect