do pressures to publish increase scientists bias an empirical support from us states data做压力发布增加科学家的偏见实证支持美国数据.pdfVIP

Do Pressures to Publish Increase Scientists’ Bias? An Empirical Support from US States Data Daniele Fanelli* INNOGEN and Institute for the Study of Science, Technology and Innovation (ISSTI), The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom Abstract The growing competition and ‘‘publish or perish’’ culture in academia might conflict with the objectivity and integrity of research, because it forces scientists to produce ‘‘publishable’’ results at all costs. Papers are less likely to be published and to be cited if they report ‘‘negative’’ results (resul