elevated c-reactive protein in children from risky neighborhoods evidence for a stress pathway linking neighborhoods and inflammation in childrenc反应蛋白升高从高风险儿童社区证据应力路径连接社区儿童和炎症.pdfVIP

Elevated C-Reactive Protein in Children from Risky Neighborhoods: Evidence for a Stress Pathway Linking Neighborhoods and Inflammation in Children 1 1 1 1 2 Stephanie T. Broyles *, Amanda E. Staiano , Kathryn T. Drazba , Alok K. Gupta , Melinda Sothern , Peter T. Katzmarzyk1 1 Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America, 2 School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America Abstract Background: Childhood socioeconomic status is linked to adult cardiovascular disease and disease risk. One proposed pathway involves inflammation due to exposure to a stress-inducing neighborhood environment. Whether CRP, a marker of systemic inflammation, is associated with stressful neighborhood conditions among children is unknown. Methods and Results: The sample included 385 children 5–18 years of age from 255 households and 101 census tracts. Multilevel logistic regression analyses compared children and adolescents with CRP levels .3 mg/L to those with levels #3 mg/L across neighborhood environments. Among children living in neighborhoods (census tracts) in the upper tertile of poverty or crime, 18.6% had elevated CRP levels, in contrast to 7.9% of children living in neighborhoods with lower levels of poverty and crime. Children from neighborhoods with the highest levels of either crime or poverty had 2.7 (95% CI: 1.2–6.2) times the odds of having elevated CRP levels when compared to children from other neighborhoods, independent of adiposity, demographic and behavioral differences. Conclusions: Children living in neighborhoods with high levels of poverty or crime had elevate