genetic evidence for a mitochondriate ancestry in the ‘amitochondriate’ flagellate trimastix pyriformis遗传学证据mitochondriate祖先的u2018amitochondriate鞭毛虫trimastix pyriformis.pdfVIP

Genetic Evidence for a Mitochondriate Ancestry in the ‘Amitochondriate’ Flagellate Trimastix pyriformis 1 1,2 1 ˜ 1 3 1 Vladimir Hampl , Jeffrey D. Silberman , Alexandra Stechmann , Sara Diaz-Trivino , Patricia J. Johnson , Andrew J. Roger * 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, 2 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America, 3 Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America Most modern eukaryotes diverged from a common ancestor that contained the a-proteobacterial endosymbiont that gave rise to mitochondria. The ‘amitochondriate’ anaerobic protist parasites that have been studied to date, such as Giardia and Trichomonas harbor mitochondrion-related organelles, such as mitosomes or hydrogenosomes. Yet there is one remaining group of mitochondrion-lacking flagellates known as the Preaxostyla that could represent a primitive ‘pre-mitochondrial’ lineage of eukaryotes. To test this hypothesis, we conducted an expressed sequence tag (EST) survey on the preaxostylid flagellate Trimastix pyriformis, a poorly-studied free-living anaerobe. Among the ESTs we detected 19 proteins that, in other eukaryotes, typically function in mitochondria, hydrogenosomes or mitosomes, 12 of which are found exclusively within these organelles. Interestingly, one of the proteins, aconitase, functions in the tricarboxylic acid cycle typical of aerobic mitochondria, whereas others, such as pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase and [FeFe] hydrogenase, are chara