genome-wide patterns of adaptation to temperate environments associated with transposable elements in drosophila全基因组的模式适应温带环境与果蝇转位因子有关.pdfVIP
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genome-wide patterns of adaptation to temperate environments associated with transposable elements in drosophila全基因组的模式适应温带环境与果蝇转位因子有关
Genome-Wide Patterns of Adaptation to Temperate
Environments Associated with Transposable Elements in
Drosophila
´
Josefa Gonzalez*, Talia L. Karasov, Philipp W. Messer, Dmitri A. Petrov
Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
Abstract
Investigating spatial patterns of loci under selection can give insight into how populations evolved in response to selective
pressures and can provide monitoring tools for detecting the impact of environmental changes on populations. Drosophila
is a particularly good model to study adaptation to environmental heterogeneity since it is a tropical species that originated
in sub-Saharan Africa and has only recently colonized the rest of the world. There is strong evidence for the adaptive role of
Transposable Elements (TEs) in the evolution of Drosophila, and TEs might play an important role specifically in adaptation
to temperate climates. In this work, we analyzed the frequency of a set of putatively adaptive and putatively neutral TEs in
populations with contrasting climates that were collected near the endpoints of two known latitudinal clines in Australia
and North America. The contrasting results obtained for putatively adaptive and putatively neutral TEs and the consistency
of the patterns between continents strongly suggest that putatively adaptive TEs are involved in adaptation to temperate
climates. We integrated information on population behavior, possible environmental selective agents, and both molecular
and functional information of the TEs and their nearby genes to infer the plausible phenotypic consequences of these
insertions. We conclude that adaptation to temperate environments is widespread in Drosophila and that TEs play a
significant role in this adaptation. It is remarkable that such a diverse set of TEs located next
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