10. Collisions Physics（10。）.pdfVIP

10. Collisions • Use conservation of momentum and energy and the center of mass to understand collisions between two objects. • During a collision, two or more objects exert a force on one another for a short time: -F(t) F(t) Before During After • It is not necessary for the objects to touch during a collision, e.g. an asteroid flied by the earth is considered a collision because its path is changed due to the gravitational attraction of the earth. One can still use conservation of momentum and energy to analyze the collision. Impulse: During a collision, the objects exert a force on one another. This force may be complicated and change with time. However, from Newtons 3rd Law, the two objects must exert an equal and opposite force on one another. F(t) t ti t f Dt From Newtons 2nd Law: r dp r F(t) dt r r dp F(t)dt r r r r t pf p i p tf F (t)dt i The change in the momentum is defined as the impulse of the collision. • Impulse is a vector quantity. Impulse-Linear Momentum Theorem: In a collision, the impulse on an object is equal to the change in momentum: r r J p Conservation of Lin