Engine Valve Designs sbintl（发动机气门设计sbintl）.pdf

Engine Valve Designs By Ted Tunnecliffe Over the years, valve heads have come in all sizes and shapes. There has been everything from domed heads to flat heads to cupped heads. There have been many contours including different angles and radii on these domes and the same on the cups. Presumably, they all made sense to the designer at the time. In my experience, the main justification for dome shapes was to resist the combustion pressure by stopping the head from deflecting as much. On the contrary, the cupped head designs took advantage of that combustion pressure to assist in the sealing of the valve at the seat face. At one time, they were called flexible head valves. They were designed with the head and cup angles diverging from one another at a rate of from 3° to 6° as you went from the O.D. toward the center of the head. Based on work done at Eaton many years ago, that gave a reasonably constant stress across the valve head which could then be designed to be whatever the maximum stress was already. So, effectively you had a design that was lower in weight but had no greater stress than the original design. That was a major point in the high performance days of the ‘60s. Also, if you had a tendency for a non-cupped design to leak and possibly burn at the seat face, you could try a cupped head shape. If you had a cracking problem in the underhead area, you might try a domed head. The domed head designs were never very popular, but the cupped heads were used in many applications. Both designs have been or are being phased out in favor of the flat head valve. The main reason is the concern of engine builders with emissions. With a cupped head valve, the unburned fuel may not be scavenged as well and that means hydrocarbons. So these days most intake valves have flat head designs. On the other side of that coin, however, is the fact that in the Hemi combustion chamber