牛羊简介（Cattle and sheep introduction）.docVIP

牛羊简介（Cattle and sheep introduction） Origin and distribution Simmental originated from western Switzerland Alps, the main origin of Simmental plain and Saanen plain. In the French, German, Austrian and other neighboring areas also have a distribution. Simmental accounted for 50% of the Swiss national cattle, Austria accounted for 63%, accounting for 39% of the former West Germany, has been distributed to many countries, become the worlds most widely distributed, the largest number of milk, meat, and a variety of service. Two, appearance features The ox hair color is yellow white or pink white, head, thorax and abdomen, limbs and tail broom was white, leather limb pink head long and wide; angle is fine and outward and upward bending, tip slightly upward. The long neck medium; the body is long, cylindrical, muscle fullness; front is the hindquarters well-developed chest deep, wide, rump, limbs strong, muscular thighs; breast development, adult weight of male were 800--1200 between 650 - 800 kg kg, cows. Three, production performance Simmental milk and meat performance were better, the average milk yield of 4070 kg, milk fat rate of 3.9%. In the European breed of registered cattle, an annual output of 4540 kg of milk, about 20%. The growth rate of the cattle is faster, and the average daily gain can reach more than 1 kilograms, and the growth rate is similar to other large meat varieties. The carcass meat is more, less fat and evenly distributed. The fattening rate of the bull is about 65%. Adult cows have low dystocia rate, strong adaptability and extensive management. In short, the cow is a typical breed of dairy cattle and beef cattle. Four. The effect of crossbreeding with yellow cattle in China Our country started to introduce the Simmental since the beginning of the twentieth Century to 1981, China has the pedigree of more than 3000 Head of cattle, more than 50 head hybrids. Simmental cattle are all improved, has achieved ideal effect. Experiments show that the fi