猫急性肾衰（Feline acute renal failure）.docVIP

猫急性肾衰（Feline acute renal failure） Renal failure is divided into Acute reneal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (Chronic, reneal, failure, CRF) in the course of disease and pathology. Acute renal failure is a clinical syndrome characterized by sudden rapid decline in glomerular filtration function. Typical symptoms include acute urinary volume loss, electrical disturbances and acid-base imbalance, and inability to excrete metabolites; rapid increases in blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine are associated with acute uremia symptoms. In many cases, ARF can relieve and restore adequate renal function with effective treatment. Any delay in diagnosis and treatment can result in death. First, the pathogenesis of acute renal failure In animals with acute renal failure, kidney damage is mainly nephropathy or nephritis. The common causes of nephropathy are nephrotoxicity and inadequate renal perfusion (renal ischemia). The main cause of nephritis is infection. That is mainly caused by ischemic acute renal failure, renal toxin, systemic inflammatory disease or primary kidney disease; renal failure causes urinary function are: (1) glomerular surface area and permeability decreased; (2) renal blood flow decreased; (3) tubular obstruction (4) cells and interstitial edema; (5) filtering back leakage damage in renal tubular epithelial cells during healing and repair; renal reabsorption. From the origin, acute renal failure can be divided into: pre - renal, post - renal, and primary renal. See table 1. Table 1: classification of acute renal failure Low pre renal blood volume, dehydration, bleeding, adrenal insufficiency, diuretic use, and decreased serum albumin Effective blood volume reduced long time of anesthesia, congenital heart failure, sepsis, antihypertensive drugs Renal hemodynamic changes, epinephrine, hemolytic uremic syndrome Post renal obstruction, urinary tract embolism, stone, tumor, fracture, etc. Traumatic rupture Primary renal intoxication, drugs, poisons