病理生理大题总结（Summary of pathophysiology）.docVIP

病理生理大题总结（Summary of pathophysiology） A major issue in pathophysiology Short Answer Questions First, the mechanism of disease The neural mechanism of some pathogenic factors can directly invade the nervous system or through nerve reflex caused by nerve function disorder, the nervous system itself or other systemic organ dysfunction resulting in the humoral mechanism of disease: pathogenic causes changes in body fluid quantity and quality, leading to internal environment and disease mechanism of pathogenic cell disorders because of direct interaction with tissue cells, caused the damage, such as mechanical force, acid, alkali, high temperature, low temperature, chemical toxins, such as radiation and molecular mechanism of diseases: from molecular level mechanism in recent years found on gene and disease Two. The pathogenesis of renal anemia Mechanism of anemia in patients with chronic renal failure The erythropoietin is reduced, bone marrow stem cells to generate red blood cells was inhibited, reduces the generation of toxic substances of blood, such as methyl guanidine inhibits erythropoiesis or hemolytic anemia, bleeding, aggravating the toxic substances inhibit platelet function, leading to the bleeding tendency of red blood cells damage speed of kidney was poison can cause intestinal iron and protein absorption decreased blood raw materials or use a barrier. Three, the mechanism of dyspnea caused by left heart failure The returned blood volume increased, the increase in heart rate, lung congestion, ventricular diastolic shortening, left ventricular filling to reduce pulmonary congestion, aggravate the decreased lung compliance, airway resistance increased the hypoxia induced respiratory movement reflex enhancement. Four 、 the mode of compensation when heart dysfunction (heart failure) (1) the compensation of the heart itself, including the compensation of the function and the compensation of the morphological structure, mainly include the acceleration of heart rat