细胞生物总结（Cell biology summary）.docVIP

细胞生物总结（Cell biology summary） Explanation of cellular biology 1. cell biology (Cell Biology): the science of the occurrence and nature of cell life phenomena. 2. enzymes () The two level structure of 3. proteins (secondary structure): Based on the primary structure, through hydrogen bonding between the amino acid residues of the polypeptide chain connecting structure, bent. 4. structure of protein (quaternary structure): more than 2 peptide chains which are independent of three structures can form a more complex spatial structure by hydrogen bonds. 5.a helix (a-helix structure): a hollow tubular conformation in which the polypeptide chain is coiled by the right hand helix. 6.B folding (B-pleated sheet): a parallel conformation in which a polypeptide chain is folded back. 7. ribozyme (ribozyme): rRNA precursor itself has catalytic activity, so the RNA sequence is called ribozyme. 8. unit membrane (unit, membrane, model): 9. internal membrane proteins (integral, protein): penetrate the lipid bilayer with both ends exposed inside and outside the membrane. (fluid mosaic model): A. flowing lipid bilayer forms the continuous main body of biological membrane. B. globular membrane proteins are embedded in the lipid bilayer in various forms or attached to the surface of the membrane. C. emphasizes the fluidity and asymmetry of the membrane. 11.Na+-K+ pump... Pump) Na+-K+ ATP enzyme, which has dual activity of carrier protein and enzyme. Have The ability to transport substances with an inverse concentration gradient. 12. tight junctions (tight, junctions): adjacent cell membrane punctate fusion, forming a closed chain structure, closed The chain is interwoven into a mesh that closely connects adjacent cells. 13. gap junction (gap, junctions): widespread in various tissue cells (mature skeletal muscle cells and circulation) Except for blood cells in the ring system). 14. amphiphilic molecules (): 15. receptor mediated endocytosis (receptor, mediated, endocytosis): highly specif