胰腺癌的临床特征（Clinical features of pancreatic cancer）.doc

胰腺癌的临床特征（Clinical features of pancreatic cancer） Clinical features of pancreatic cancer clinical features Often diagnosed with pancreatic cancer at a later stage of the disease. Common clinical features include weight loss, abdominal pain, and jaundice. Weight loss is a nonspecific symptom that is usually gradual and occurs several months before confirming pancreatic cancer. Patients with 65%~80% have abdominal pain, which is often more severe at night. Supine position and sitting position can aggravate the pain. The pain is often blurred, unspoken, the diagnosis is often delayed. Jaundice is the third most common symptom, and many patients appear later. Jaundice is usually progressive, but also in a state of natural fluctuation. Jaundice is the only clinical manifestation of small pancreatic cancer adjacent to the common bile duct. Therefore, the unexplained jaundice should be carefully evaluated. These tumors are often easier to remove. Jaundice is often accompanied by painful itching in the upper arms, legs, and abdomen, especially at night. Pruritus is associated with retention of bile salts in the skin. Because the level of bile salt in the skin is more closely related to the level of pruritus than the level of serum bilirubin. There is also an alternative saying that bile salts promote the release of proteases from surrounding cells, which can cause itching, but not all patients complain of itching. Occasionally, pruritus may appear before clinically occurring jaundice. Although painless jaundice is still wrongly declared a specific symptom of pancreatic cancer patients, this is the only exception. Pancreatic cancer is nonspecific signs and symptoms include anorexia, ascending cholangitis, and changes in bowel habits (constipation, diarrhea, malabsorption, bloating, and flatulence). Diabetes can be accompanied by seizures. The symptoms of gastric emptying can be complicated by a direct attack of the stomach, pylorus, or duodenum, or because of disorders of the