运动生理学习题（Exercise physiology learning problem）.docVIP

运动生理学习题（Exercise physiology learning problem） [emphasis] 1. resting potential, action potential and their causes: the potential difference between the two sides of the inner and outer membrane of the cell membrane is called resting potential. After receiving stimulation, the potential reversal occurs inside and outside the cell membrane. This rapid and transient fluctuation is called action potential. The reasons for their formation is the ion theory of Hodgkin, the doctrine that the formation of bio electricity depends on both sides of the membrane ion distribution is not uniform and strict selection of ion membrane permeability changes and under different conditions, and the membrane point formation is the direct cause of transmembrane ion movement. The resting membrane, as long as the permeability of K and the outflow of K, is the cause of resting potential formation. The action potential is caused by the depolarization of the stimulus to the membrane. The formation of expenditure on action potential is caused by the sudden increase of membrane permeability to Na and the rapid influx of Na. 2. what are the main factors that affect gas exchange? The exchange of gases consists of the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and between the blood and tissue cells. The rate of gas diffusion is the factor that influences gas exchange. Ventilation / blood ratio, the ratio of per minute alveolar ventilation to pulmonary blood flow, called ventilation / blood ratio. 3. maximal oxygen uptake and its influencing factors: there are two kinds of maximum oxygen uptake, absolute value and relative value. Maximal oxygen uptake refers to the long duration of strenuous exercise in which the muscles are involved. The capacity of the heart, lungs, and muscles to use oxygen to my limit is the amount of oxygen that can be absorbed per unit time. The influencing factors were as follows: (1) cardiac pump blood function and muscle oxygen utilization; (2) genetic factors